Door-lock



(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

` v. M. MOORE.

DOOR LOCK.

:"'fi No. 289,435. Patented Dec. 4, 1883.

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DOOR LUCK.

Patented Dec. 4, 1883.

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DOOR-LOOK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,435, dated December4, 1883.

Appnomifm mea May 1,1853. (Modem To all `whom it' muy concern:

Be it known that I, V. MUMFORD MOORE, of I-avenswood, in the county ofGoolrand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usef'ulImprovements in Door-Locks; and Ido he-reby declare that the followingspeciieation, taken in connection with the draw-` ings furnished andforming a part of the same,

is a clear7 true, and complete description of the several features of myinvention.

My said improvements are applicable to soealled cottage-loclrs, as Wellas to mortiselocks; but some of the features of my invention havespecial value in mortise-loeks.

I/Iy said improvements relate, generally, to that class of locks whichare inaccessible for unlocking from the side opposite to that at whichthey have been previously locked; but they relate more particularly tothat special class of such locks which embody in their cases a centralpartition and separate or independent tumblers or sets of tumblers soisolated from each ,other by said partition that lock-picking devicesentered from either side of the lock can only be engaged with one ofsaid tumblers or sets of tumblers. 0f the said' centrally-partitionedlocks, some have embodied 'one or more tumblers on each sideV ofthebolt, all so connected together as to be moved as one tumbler whenactuated by a key entered from either side of thelock, and there hasbeen employed therewith, for approximately obtaining the purposesintended, a pair of auxiliary non-gated tumblers or catchcs-one on eachside of the central partition, and arranged to be independently operatedby akey when used for throwing the bolt; and with reference to thisclass of locks, mine are radically different, in that I obviate the necessity for auxiliary tumblers or catches, although I can employ them,if desired; and my gated bolt-tumblers at each side of the lock areindependent of those on the other side; and When those at one side havebeen actuated by a key for throwing the bolt forward, those at the otherside of the lock a-re incidentallyrendered immovable on their pivots.Another and Older variety of said centrallypartitioned locks haveembodied a pair of independent gated tumblers so organized that no.auxiliary tnmblers I or catches are necessary.

` are moved forward and back,

In these prior locks the gated tumblers are necessarily mounted upon thebolt, and one of them iscarried by said bolt Whenever actuated by a keyfor locking and unlocking; but

meantime the tumbler on the opposite side of the lockinvariably remainsin its normal position, while the bolt and the other tumbler which modeof operation necessitates a slotted or sliding pivotal connectionbetween both of the gated tumblers and the bolt. My locks differ fromthose last described, in that my gated bolttumblers may citherbe4pivoted to the bolt, so that both Will always move therewith, or Ipivoted to the case, so as to have only a vibrating or rocking movement;and I am there fore enabled to obviate slidin g or slotted piv otalconnections with their attendant disadvantages, and to employ pivotswhich are stationary or fixed with relation to the tumblers mountedthereon, thus providing for a simple, durable, and economicalconstruction-` In my locks I employ, as a novel feature, a bolt which iscentrally slotted vertically and `longitudinally, so as to locate onehalf of its` tail or shank on one side of the partition and the otherhalf on the opposite side, thus enabling the extension of the partitionabove the planeY of the bolt, and thereby to completely isolate eitherside of the lock from the other; and, moreover, the partition serves asa longitudinal guide for the bolt. ploy a catch for confining the boltwithinvits case, and said catch is so constructed and the separatetumblers so arranged with reference to said catch that when a true `keyis introduced at either side of the lock and turned for throwing thebolt forward, said catch is caused by the tumblers to retire from thebolt and leave the latter free to be moved forward; or the bolt-catchmay-be so arranged as to re- I also emquire no direct lifting action bythe tumblers l or the key, and, with its spring, be relied upon y tion,I will refer to the accompanying draW ings, in Which- Figure 1 is a sideview of myloel; with the side of its case removed andthe boltwithin thecase.

IOO

Fig. 2 is a similar View of the opposite side of the lock with its boltthrown forward. Fig. 3 is a lateral vertical section of the lock, Fig.1, Online 02. Fig. 4 is a View of the bolt detached. Fig. 5 is aninterior side view of the lock-case, the working parts of the lockhaving been removed therefrom. Fig. 6 is a lateral vertical section ofthe case on line y, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 illustrates a modification in theconstruction and arrangement of the tumblers and stumps in accordancewith my invention. Figs. 8 and 9 are vertical transverse sections of mylock-case, illustrating the partition adl jacent to the key-holes asarranged to furnish end bearings for solid-stem keys. Fig. 10 is amodification of the bolt and its catch, whereby the spring of the latterserves to accelerate the terminal movements of the bolt in bothdirections.

Itis to be understood that my improvements may be embodied in a caseotherwise adapted for the reception of knob-latch mechanism, althoughthe lock illustrated by me is unprovided therewith, and also that,although I have shown a mortise-lock, my improvements are equallyapplicable to those well known as cottage77 or outside locks. For thepurposes of illustration I have selected simple types of .gatedtumblers, and show but one tumbler for service on each side of the lock;but it is to be understood that said tumblers may be employed in anydesired number, of any desired degree of complexity, and arranged tooperate variously with reference to the bolt and to their stumps withoutmaterial departure from my invention.

The lock-case A has two removable sides, ci, because each side should beaccessible for conveniently mounting the Working portions of the lock inthe case, and each of said sides has a key-hole, a. In its best form mylock has the key holes coincident with each other, so that in setting amortise-lock the holes in a door may be worked through and through atless cost in time and labor than if said holes were not oppositelylocated.

The central partition, b, so far as relates to dividing the lock-caseopposite the key-holes,

is substantially as heretofore; but I believe itv to be new to extendsaid partitiomas shown, into and across the plane traversed by the bolt,so as to completely isolate one side of the lock from the other, andalso so as to enable the partition to serve as a longitudinal guide forthe bolt.

As indicated in Fig. 5, the portions of the partition respectivelyindicated at b b2 bawithin the adjacentdotted lines are serviceable. Theportion b, opposite the key-holes, serves not only as shield or guard,but it serves as a standard for supporting the spindles used inconnection with a barrel or hollow key, or for bearings for the end of aspindle-key, as illustrated at b4 in Figs. 8 and 9. The portion at b2serves as a standard for oppositely-projecting stumps, as in Fig. 1, andthe portions b3 erive as guide-bearings or supports for the The bolt B,as shown, has a solid head, c, but it is divided back of its head by alongitudinal slot into two tail-pieces, ccz, so that when the bolt is inposition there is a tail-piece on each side of said partition, and thelatter, at the rear end of the lock, affords guide-bearings on each sidefor the tail-pieces. At the front end of the lock the partition is cutaway, so that the solid head can enter the case.

It will be obvious that the partition b can be slotted from front torear on a line with the central longitudinal line of the bolt, and thatthe latter in that case need only be grooved either on its upper orlower sides, or both, without impairing the operation of the bolt or theeiiciency of the partition for the purposes stated.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the gated tumblers d and d' are respectivelypivoted to the sides ofthe tail-pieces c c2, and each is provided with aspring, e e, so that as the bolt is moved longitudinally the tumblersare carried with it. In this case, therefore, the stationaryr stumps ffare required for interlocking with the tumblers in a manner well known.The two stumps in this case are the opposite` ends of a piece of wirermly mounted in the partition; but they may be cast integrallytherewith, if desired. The lock shown in Figs. l and 2,being arrangedfor a barrel-key, is provided with key steps or spindles g g', which arein this case the opposite ends of a piece of `Wire or rod iirmly mountedin the partition.

It will be seen, asindicated in dotted lines in Fig. l, that as the boltis thrown forward by a key entered on one side of -the lock theidle orinactive tumbler on the opposite side passes freely beneath its stump,while the tumbler in IOO service is placed by the key in line with itsstump, and is carried forward with the bolt until it can be properlyinterlockedwith said stump for securely maintaining the boltin itslocked position. In locking and unlocking, the tumbler in service isactuated as in ordinary locks', the inactive or idle tumbler meantimesimply moving-with the bolt,and when its movement therewith ceasesit islocated so far beneath the stump f that the latter incidentally servesas a stop or abutment.whereby said inactive tumbler is renderedpractically immovable on its pivot.

In order that the bolt may be reliably confined within the case, so thatit may not be jarred outward, as by the slamming of a door, abolt-catch, h, is applied in such a way as to be normally engaged withthe bolt, and so that the key entered from either side will rst relievethe catch before moving the bolt. This catch may be variouslyconstructed and arranged; but I have in Figs. l and 2 illustrated it asarranged to be released by either of the tumblers when they are tiltedor moved by their key preliminary to throwing the bolt. The bolt-catch his in the form .of an arm pivvIIO y 289,435 f y s oted at one endtothelock-case over the eengated 'tumblers the bolt-stumps incident,-

tral line ofthe bolt, and its free end,dropping downward, enters andoccupies a transverse notch or recess in both tail-pieces and extendsbeyond each side of the bolt, so as to overhang the vertical plane inwhich the tumblers are moved. This catch may operate by gravity alone.it being inclined, and it-s lower end heavy enough to cause it to fallfreely after it has been lifted; or it may be backed up by a suitablespring, as shown at h. It will be seen that the upper edge oi eithertumbler will by coming into contact with the overhanging portion of thebolt-catch lift it ont of the recess in the bolt, and leave the latterfree to be moved forward by its key. The bolt-catch may be constructedas illustrated in Fig. 10, wherein the bolt B has two recesses ornotches and an intervening convex surface, over which the catch ridesfreely, and so that its vspring serves to accelerate the terminal,movements of the bolt in either direction. In this ease the tumblersneed not engage with the catch; but it is to be understood that I makeno cla-im to said catch, except in combination with independentlyoperated tumblers, and so ari ranged that it will be released from thebolt by the lifting action of either of said tumblers. It is also to beunderstood that while I disclaim gated bolt-tumblers which have, asheretofore, been connected to a bolt by slotted or sliding` pivotalconnections, I do not limit myself to any particular type of gatedtumblers, nor to such as are monntedvon or carried'by the bolt,provided, always, that said tumblers are gated i'or the reception ofstumps, and their pivots are fixed or stationary with relation to saidtumblers, lit being obvious that variations therein may be widely madewithout in any manneraffecting the results sought by 1ne as, forinstance, in Fig. 7 I illustrate pivoted gated tumblers d, secured toIthe rear end of the lock-case, the bolt B having on each side thereofastump,f, with which its tumbler inter-locks, substantially as beforedescribed; an d this forni of tumbler can operate the bolt-catch, ifdesired, and the stump passes as freely away from an idle or inactivetumbler as the tumblers pass beneath the stationary stumps in 5o Figs. 1and 2; and with both arrangements of ally serve as stops for locking theinactive tumblers against rotation on their pivots, thus rendering themsecure against vertical movement, as when tampered with for inspection;and both forms of tumbler have pivots which are iXed with relationthereto,as distinguished from the prior slotted or sliding pivotalconneetions hereinbei'ore referred to.

I-Iavin g thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecurel by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with a lock-ease havingkey-holes at each side thereof, and a central longitudinal partitionadjacent to said keyholes, of a sliding bolt, independent gated tumblersor sets of gated tumblers at each side of said partition7 and pivots forsaid tumblers, which are fixed or stationary with relation thereto,substantially as described.

` 2. rIhe combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of alock-case having akeyhole in each side thereof, a central partitionopposite-said key-holes, and a bolt having a longitudinal slot which isoccupied by the partition, whereby said partition wholly isolates oneside of the loelc from the other, and also serves as a longitudinalguide for the bolt, as set forth.

3. In a lock capable of being locked from either side thereof and to beunlocked only from the locked side, the combination of separatebolt-stumps, and oppositely-located independent gated tumblers havingpivots which are stationary or fixed with relation to said tumblers,substantially as described, whereby when a tumbler is actuated by a keyit will interlock with one stump, and the opposite tumbler and stump befree from liability of contact with each other, as set forth.

Li. The combination, in a lock, of the bolt, two independent tumblers orsets of tumblers separately accessible to a key from opposite 'sides ofthe lock, and a bolt-catch which is normally engaged with the bolt, andis disengaged therefrom by either of said tumblers or sets of tumblers,substantially as described.y

V. MUMFORD MOORE. y Witnesses: l

SAML. H. Moons, Enwn. J Moons.

